Karyological studies of seven populations of Buxus hyrcana Pojark. from different habitats are presented. We found one usual basic CHROMOSOME number in this species x=14. All populations were diploid (2n = 2x = 28). The results of kryotypic analysis made it possible to categorize different populations of a species and make a logical comparison among them.

Nowadays, researchers work on combination therapy for cancer treatment. This study was performed to find the effect of hyperthermia after neutron irradiation on chromosomal aberration frequency in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Blood samples were irradiated with 10cGy neutron, then they exposed to hyperthermia at 41.5°C for 60 minutes or at 43°C for 30 minutes with a sixty minute time interval. After tissue culture and preparation of slides, chromosomal aberrations were scored during metaphase. The results showed that post-hyperthermia at both 41.5 and 43°C increased chromosomal aberration frequency induced by neutron irradiation and it was more remarkable at 43°C (P<0.05). The cause of these effect probably is the inhibitory effect of hyperthermia on repair process of chromosomal DAMAGEs.

CHROMOSOME cytology has a rich history in plant systematics and evolutionary biology. The central importance of CHROMOSOME numbers was long recognized with a long history of nearly a century. Classic compilations of CHROMOSOME numbers include those of Love and Love (1948); Darlington and Wylie (1955); Fedorov (1969). Excellent reviews are provided by Goldblatt and Lowry (2011); Cusimano et al. (2012) and most recently by Rice et al. (in press.).

One of the most important forest trees in the south of Kerman, which plays an important role in the region's ecosystem and beekeeping industry and is infected by wood-eating beetles, is Prosopis cineraria. These trees are an important habitat for various animals and refreshing the hot air of the south. In the sampling conducted during 1401-1400 from the mesquite forests of southern Kerman (Ghaleganj, Faryab, Anbarabad), the wood-eating beetle Xylopertha reflexicauda (Bostrichidae) was collected for the first time from Prosopis cineraria trees and is identified. The species of wood-eating beetle was identified by reliable scientific sources and was finally confirmed by Mr. Dr. Len Yu Liu. This species was first identified and described by Lesne in 1937. Due to the lack of water and recent droughts and the weakness of Iranian mesquite trees, the larvae of this beetle are active inside the trunk and bark of mesquite trees and feed on the wood and bark of tree trunks and cause great DAMAGE to Prosopis cineraria trees.